This article raises the question whether the nationality is ontological or cultural problem, that is to say, is nationality the sphere of necessity (basic human need) or freedom (cultural need). With that aim, the matter concepts of basic human need and psychological (cultural) need is disclosed, the principles formation of peoples and nations is carried out, the question of denationalization is raised. After all, is forming the conclusion that in history of development of nations and nationality these objects move from the sphere of nature (basic needs), that is to say, of necessity, to the sphere of culture (cultural needs), that is to say, of freedom.